By Max Sargent

How to grow cannabis outdoors in Italy, month by month this 2024.

Contents:

Italy used to be one of the main hemp producers in the world until the country was hit by post-war prohibition. During the last few years of the cannabis culture renaissance, hemp cultivation has ramped up again, adding some local landraces to the list of EU-approved industrial hemp strains, together with the legal “cannabis light” hype.

Anyhow, both small and large-scale illegal cannabis outdoor operations never really stopped since the 1970s, particularly in warmer southern regions.

GROWING CANNABIS IN ITALY THIS 2024

This is a country with hundreds of microclimates. Fortunately, most of its climate zones are good for growing cannabis. Some of them are perfect. However, the hilly nature of this narrow Mediterranean peninsula, with a continental part, mountains pretty close to the sea, and various local and regional winds, requires a careful choice of growing plot. One hill might be perfect for growing, while the hill just beside it might not.

IS WEED LEGAL IN ITALY?

It’s not. This doesn’t mean you will be sent to jail for a few grams, or even a few plants. However, you might end up losing time, money, and maybe your driver licence, according to a number of factors.

The actual law does not state home growing with “rudimentary techniques” as a crime, assuming the operation is just for personal use. This means if you get caught with a few plants, you will go on trial and you’ll need to convince a judge they were just for personal fun. Your job will be easier if cops didn’t find any scale, cash, too many high-wattage lamps, plastic bags, funny chats on your phone, criminal records, and so on. Moreover, you better show the court you have a legitimate income. To be safe, get a good lawyer with experience in these kinds of “crimes”.

However, like many other countries, Italy is gradually opening up to the idea that cannabis is not such a bad thing.

MEDICAL LEGALITY

Thanks to progress in both legislation and common medical practices, it’s not too complicated to obtain a prescription for medical cannabis in Italy, at least for a limited amount of time and grams. The problem is whether legal medical cannabis is cheaper, better, and more accessible than the dealer’s best stuff or, better yet, your own crop. In many cases, the answer is “no”.

GROW SHOPS AND “CANNABIS LIGHT”

Grow shops in Italy operate within a legal framework. You can buy whatever lamp or specific nutrients or paraphernalia you need for cannabis use or cultivation in one of the hundreds of grow shops around the country. Here you can also buy “cannabis light” and CBD products.

Cannabis light is a commercial definition for industrial hemp with less than 0.2% THC. This tasty hemp has experienced great success in recent years, with an initial market of hundreds of thousands of customers, and hundreds of growers and dealers trying to set up a supply chain within this “grey area” of the law.

GROW SHOPS AND “CANNABIS LIGHT”

A GUIDE ON GROWING CANNABIS OUTDOORS IN ITALY

All common pests are represented in Italy. Spider mites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids, nematodes, caterpillars, oidium, and any strain of fungus and mould. Ask local growers for the most pernicious, and get prepared for the fight with organic methods. All kinds of weather are represented as well.

Tap water is suitable for growing in most parts of the country. In some regions, the amount of chlorine might require you to let the water rest in a container overnight. In most urban areas, water pH is slightly alkaline, thus a little “pH down” might be needed to obtain the perfect acidity for your cannabis plants. Make sure to gather information on any water source other than public water before using it for your crop. Also, make sure your operation is well-hidden, and stay safe during your trips in and out of the garden.

CLIMATE REGIONS

The Italian peninsula can be climatically divided into six regions. Cannabis can thrive in most of the regions, but the grower must consider potential climate issues in each one before buying seeds.

ALPINE REGION

The extreme northern highlands are beautiful, yet not suitable for growing without a properly heated greenhouse. On the bright side, the air and water are so pure, and the sun is powerful.

SUBALPINE REGION AND PIANURA PADANA

The Po river northern flatland has long winters (getting shorter with climate change) and hot summers. Humidity is pretty high; precipitation is moderate. Here, cannabis can be cultivated with just some caution, as cold days, rain, and thunderstorms are to be expected in March and April. From May to August, thunderstorms in the afternoon are frequent in the subalpine region. Milan, Turin, and Bologna are the main cities in this climate area.

LIGURIA AND TUSCANY COASTAL REGION

Here you’ll find warm winters and hot summers, except in some inland hilly areas where nighttime temperatures can be much lower than on the coast. Autumn can be moderately rainy. Other than that, this is a perfect climate for growing cannabis. The westerly part of the region, close to the French border, gets the most balanced weather, with mild winters, cool summers, and not too many storms. Genoa is the main city in this region, with hundreds of small towns along the seaside that are perfect for growing cannabis, if houses and land weren’t so expensive.

A GUIDE ON GROWING CANNABIS OUTDOORS IN ITALY

NORTH ADRIATIC REGION

The eastern coast of the peninsula is a temperate area as well, with a colder and damper climate than north-central coastal regions on the western shore, such as Liguria and Tuscany. In the northern part of the Adriatic region, cold winds from Eastern Europe and thunderstorms are also more likely, while the southern shore is exposed to humid southerly winds. Weather forecast at hand, the wise grower will protect their crop accordingly. Venice, Ravenna, and Ancona are the main cities in this region.

APENNINES REGION

This is the internal “backbone” of the peninsula. Perugia, L’Aquila, and Potenza are cities in this climate region. Winters are cold and damp, particularly in the northern part of the region. Summers are warm and sunny, with chances of thunderstorms in the afternoon. The grower who avoids higher hills or plots exposed to cold winds will be rewarded with balanced temperatures and rainfall, even if the growing season is shorter than in coastal regions.

MEDITERRANEAN REGION AND THE MAIN ISLANDS

This is the typical southern Mediterranean climate, with mild winters and long, hot summers. Rome and Naples are in this climate region. Bari, Reggio Calabria, Palermo, and Cagliari are other main towns. This region is perfect for growing cannabis almost year round, assuming you sow the right strain in the right hidden plot.

In southern Italy, drought conditions should be taken into account. Sicily, and particularly Sardinia, are windy in the coastal zones. A protected space and a reliable source of good-quality water must be ensured before buying seeds. In the highlands, the temperature drops by a few degrees, falling within the climate of cooler regions.

GROWING CANNABIS OUTDOORS IN ITALY: MONTH BY MONTH

Without further ado, let’s break down the monthly conditions you can expect during your Italian cannabis grow.

MARCH

AVG day length March 1st: 11h 16m
AVG temperature: 6–17°C

Rainfall is scarce and temperatures are generally low. Growers with a greenhouse or a suitable indoor space can germinate their seeds in late-March and start their seedlings/young plants off in protected conditions.

MARCH

APRIL

AVG day length April 1st: 12h 43m
AVG temperature: 9–19°C

Greenhouses are still needed in northern and Apennines regions. The climate is damp with risk of thunderstorms or heavy rain. Still too early for most plants to be outside. Growers in warmer regions can begin exposing their plants to outdoor conditions. Use white pots: light-coloured pots reflect light and heat instead of accumulating it. Don’t boil your plant’s roots in black pots during Mediterranean summers!

APRIL

MAY

AVG day length May 1st: 14h 03m
AVG temperature: 13–24°C

Greenhouses might be needed in some cooler regions, with risk of heavy rain close to the mountains and hills. Balanced temperatures in all other regions. Most growers can confidently move their plants outside under the sun. In the south, food-grade water-absorbent polymers can be blended with the soil to deliver much-needed water during the drought conditions in August.

MAY

JUNE

AVG day length June 1st: 15h 01m
AVG temperature: 17–28°C

Balanced temperatures in all regions. Scarce rainfall and some risk of drought in southern regions. This is a time for robust vegetative growth. Prepare for pests and use plant training techniques to keep your grow obscured from view while optimising yields. Use appropriate veg nutrients and let your plants gain mass.

JUNE

JULY

AVG day length July 1st: 15h 10m
AVG temperature: 19–31°C

Scarce rainfall, but a risk of drought in southern regions. In the Alpine and subalpine regions, thunderstorms in the afternoon are frequent. Continue training as necessary. Make sure your plant doesn’t take on too much water to avoid root rot and other nasties. In the drought south, create some artificial shade. Build structures with fabric or plastic to protect your plants from sunlight during the hottest hours of the day.

JULY

AUGUST

AVG day length August 1st: 14h 24m
AVG temperature: 19–31°C

No rainfall, but a risk of drought in southern regions. Water your plants early in the morning. In the Alpine and subalpine regions, thunderstorms in the afternoon are frequent. Short thunderstorms should be expected in all regions. Most plants are flowering now, making humidity and moisture more significant threats. Plant in containers if possible so you can move plants inside if a storm hits. Cease training and make sure you’re using flowering nutrients.

AUGUST

SEPTEMBER

AVG day length September 1st: 13h 07m
AVG temperature: 15–27°C

In the Alpine and subalpine regions, thunderstorms in the afternoon are frequent. Thunderstorms are to be expected in all regions. At the end of the month, growers in northern regions should start harvesting or protecting their plants from the elements.

SEPTEMBER

OCTOBER

AVG day length October 1st: 11h 44m
AVG temperature: 12–22°C

Thunderstorms and low temperatures are possible in all regions, particularly the ones close to the mountains at all latitudes. Greenhouses or tarpaulins might be needed to protect your harvest. At this point, it’s more important to save your stash than it is to let plants mature under bad conditions.

OCTOBER

NOVEMBER

AVG day length November 1st: 10h 21m
AVG temperature: 7–17°C

Rain and low temperatures are possible in all regions. Greenhouses or tarpaulins might be needed to protect the harvest.

NOVEMBER

PROS AND CONS OF GROWING CANNABIS IN ITALY

It’s pretty clear that the only real obstacle when growing cannabis in Italy is the law. Still, there are always distinct pros and cons to cultivating weed in different locations:

Pros

• In most parts of the country, weather and soil are perfect for growing cannabis, together with any other veggie.
• Water and other materials or tools you might need for growing are readily available in all regions.
• Cannabis law is not one of the most repressive in the world; it’s illegal, but you won’t necessarily go to jail.

Cons

• It is illegal.
• The country is small and densely populated. Finding a good hidden place to grow might not be too easy.
• In regions with the most extreme temperatures or rainfall, some caution and proper protection are required.

TOP 3 RQS STRAINS FOR OUTDOOR GROWING IN ITALY

With such a variety of climates, make sure you carefully select strains that adapt to your region's average temperature and specific conditions. Growers in northern regions (coastal areas included) and highland areas might want to choose strains that resist cold temperatures and are ready to harvest by the beginning of October. Lucky southern growers can pick strains with longer life cycles; however, they might have to deal with heat stress and water scarcity.

• Quick One

Derived from the notorious autoflowering strain Lowryder, Quick One is the perfect autoflower for northern regions with short summers. She takes only 8–9 weeks to go from seed to harvest and is easy to hide as she won’t get taller than 50–60cm. Her yield can reach and surpass 150g/plant, if grown with care. The taste is herbal and citrusy, with a mellow physical effect.

Quick One

Quick One

Quick One Royal Queen Seeds

Genetic background Strong Indica x Ruderalis
Yield indoor 275 - 325 g/m2
Height indoor 50 - 60 cm
Flowering time 5 - 6 weeks
THC strength THC: 13% (aprox.) / CBD: Low
Blend 10% Sativa, 60% Indica, 30% Ruderalis
Yield outdoor 100 - 150 g/per plant (dried)
Height outdoor 60 - 100 cm
Harvest time 8 - 9 weeks after germination
Effect Physical
 

Buy Quick One

 

• Amnesia Haze

This legendary sativa hybrid thrives in dry and sunny climates. She is also great for growing in hot and humid conditions as her looser flower formation allows for greater tolerance to excessive humidity. Her high THC content, yields of up to 700g/plant, and sweet, citrusy flavour are the rewards for waiting until the end of October.

Amnesia Haze

Amnesia Haze

Amnesia Haze

Genetic background Original Amnesia Haze
Yield indoor 600 - 650 gr/m2
Height indoor 80 - 140 cm
Flowering time 10 - 11 weeks
THC strength THC: 22% (aprox.) / CBD: Medium
Blend 70% Sativa, 30% Indica, 0% Ruderalis
Yield outdoor 650 - 700 g/per plant (dried)
Height outdoor 175 - 210 cm
Harvest time Late October
Effect Extremely high, long-lasting, body relaxing
 

Buy Amnesia Haze

 

• Fruit Spirit

Another tall and airy sativa perfect for growing outdoors in warm, dry areas, and in humid coastal Mediterranean regions as well. She can reward the grower with more than 500g/plant of uplifting flowers, ready to harvest in early October.

Fruit Spirit

Fruit Spirit

Fruit Spirit Royal Queen Seeds

Genetic background Blueberry x White Widow
Yield indoor 500 - 550 g/m2
Height indoor 80 - 120 cm
Flowering time 7 - 8 weeks
THC strength THC: 18% (aprox.) / CBD: Low
Blend 60% Sativa, 40% Indica
Yield outdoor 500 - 550 g/per plant (dried)
Height outdoor 175 - 220 cm
Harvest time Early October
Effect High (sweet taste)
 

Buy Fruit Spirit

Still haven't found the strain for you? Here you can find a good selection of strains based on different climate zones.

IN CONCLUSION: ITALY IS A GREAT PLACE FOR CANNABIS GROWERS

Italy is a perfect place to grow cannabis. From small towns to big cities, from industrial warehouses in the north to hidden countryside plots in the south, it’s all packed with indoor and outdoor operations of any scale. Each one of these growers knows the risks involved until the law is changed, and only time will tell when this progress is made.

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Privacy Policy - Royal Queen Seeds

To ensure a safe online environment and guarantee adequate data protection, we strictly comply with all legal requirements. In this privacy statement, we provide information about how and for what purpose data is collected, safety measures, storage periods and contact details.


COMPANY NAME: SNORKEL SPAIN, SL (hereinafter ROYAL QUEEN SEEDS)

C/ Vilar d'Abdelà, 5 (nave 1) CP: 08170 de Montornès del Vallès

+34 937 379 846

support@royalqueenseeds.com


The present Privacy Policy sets out the terms on which we will treat personal data at ROYAL QUEEN SEEDS; this includes any personal data collected through our website https://www.royalqueenseeds.com/ as well as any other data we process in the course of our business activities.

ROYAL QUEEN SEEDS collects the following personal data for the purposes listed below:

SECTION 1 – PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT

1.1 Account purchases

Account purchases can only be made if you are in possession of a personal account. When you create an account or purchase something from our shop, as part of the buying and selling process we collect the following personal information that you provide to us:

This information is required for delivery. In addition, when you browse our shop, we automatically receive the Internet Protocol (IP) address of your computer. Based on this information, we can optimise your online experience and at the same time protect our online environment.

Purpose of data collection

We collect and store account-related data for the following purposes:

(a) to carry out obligations arising from any contracts between you and us, and to provide you with information, products and services that you may request from us;

(b) to set up, manage and communicate with you about your account and your orders;

(c) to conduct market research and analysis;

(d) to confirm your age and identity, and to detect and prevent fraud.

1.2 Newsletters

With your explicit permission, we may send you newsletters about our shop, new products and other updates. We send newsletters based on your explicit consent. In the event that you purchase a product, and in accordance with current regulations, we may send you commercial communications in accordance with the legitimate interest of our company, always about products or services similar to those you have purchased or contracted. In any case, you may exercise your right of opposition through the channels announced in this Privacy Policy. The following information is collected in relation to the newsletter:

We do not need to know the sex of the person in order to send the newsletter (data minimisation: by law we must ask for data that is strictly necessary to provide the service, and in this case knowing the sex is not necessary to send the newsletter).

Purpose of data collection

The data collected is used to:

(a) personalise our emails, including your name and gender;

(b) provide gender-specific content.

You can withdraw your consent at any time by using the link provided in the newsletter or the contact information provided in section 2.

1.3 Customer service and contact form

In order to provide appropriate support, our customer service employees have access to information related to the account. Consequently, their support will be highly effective and friendly. The data provided in our contact form is used by our CRM provider, SuperOffice. We will only use your details to respond to your message.

SECTION 2 – LEGITIMATE INTEREST

If you have purchased any of our products, please note that we may process your personal data for promotional purposes, based on Royal Queen Seeds' legitimate interest only to offer you products or services from our company and about products or services similar to those you have purchased. You may exercise your right to opt out of future messages by the means set out in this Privacy Policy or through any notification you receive.

2.1 How do you withdraw consent?

If you change your mind, you can withdraw your consent for us to contact you for the purpose of collecting, using, or disclosing your data at any time by reaching out to us at: support@royalqueenseeds.com.

SECTION 3 – DISCLOSURE

We may disclose your personal information if we are required to do so by law or if you breach our Terms of Service.

SECTION 4 – HOW LONG DO WE KEEP YOUR DATA?

At Royal Queen Seeds, we will not retain your data for longer than is necessary for the purposes described in this Policy. Different retention periods apply for different types of data; however, the longest period we will normally hold any personal data is 10 years.

4.1 Account information

Data relating to the account remains relevant for as long as the consumer is in possession of an account. Therefore, the data remains documented for as long as the account exists. When our customers delete an account, the associated data will be deleted within a reasonable period of time. Requests regarding the inspection or correction of stored personal data or the deletion of an account can be sent to support@royalqueenseeds.com.

4.2 Newsletters

In the event that you give us your consent to inform you about our products or services, we will keep your data until you express your wish not to receive any further communications from us. However, we regularly (every month) carry out a relevance check. Registered customers (and their personal information) will be deleted whenever customers do not reply to our request. In addition, our newsletter mailing has an opt-out feature. Consumers can withdraw their consent by using this opt-out feature.

SECTION 5 – COOKIES

Cookies are small information files that notify your computer of previous interactions with our website. These cookies are stored on your hard drive, not on our website. Essentially, when you use our website, your computer displays its cookies to us, informing our site that you have visited before. This allows our website to function more quickly and remember aspects related to your previous visits (such as your username), making your experience more convenient. At Royal Queen Seeds, we use two types of cookies: functional and analytical.

5.1 Functional Cookies

Functional cookies are used to enhance your online experience. Among other things, these cookies track what is added to your shopping cart. The use of these cookies does not require prior authorization.

5.2 Analytical Cookies

Analytical cookies are used for research and market analysis. The data collected with these analytical cookies is anonymous, making it unusable for third parties. The use of these cookies does not require prior authorization.

SECTION 5 – THIRD-PARTY SERVICES

Third-party services are required to conduct transactions and provide our services. In general, the third-party providers we use will only collect, use and disclose your information to the extent necessary to enable them to perform the services they provide to us.

However, certain third-party service providers, such as payment gateways and other payment transaction processors, have their own privacy policies regarding the information we must provide to them for your transactions.

We encourage you to read the privacy policies of these providers so that you can understand how these providers will handle your personal information.

In particular, certain suppliers may be located or have facilities located in a different jurisdiction than yours or ours. Therefore, if you choose to proceed with a transaction involving the services of a third party, your information may be subject to the laws of the jurisdiction in which that service provider or its facilities are located.

Once you leave our website or are redirected to a third-party website or application, you are no longer governed by this Privacy Policy or the Terms of Service of our website.

Web analytics service (anonymous data)

On this website we have integrated an element of a web analytics service (with anonymisation functionality). Web analytics can be defined as the gathering, processing and analysis of data about the behaviour of visitors to websites. An analytics service collects, among other things, data about which website a person came from (the so-called referrer), which sub-pages they visited or how often and for how long they visited a sub-page. Web analytics is mainly used for website optimisation and for a cost–benefit analysis of internet advertising.

Courier service

To complete deliveries we use a courier service. This courier service carries out the delivery between our company and the consumer's home. To complete these logistics, the company requires access to the consumer's name and address information.

Mailing service

Royal Queen Seeds uses a third-party mail service provider to send its newsletter. This provider has access to limited account information related to opt-in consent (e.g. email address).

Marketing services

Royal Queen Seeds has the support of a company that specialises in marketing and communication activities. Their access to personal information is very limited and mostly anonymous.

Payment services

At Royal Queen Seeds we use external payment services to handle our transactions (e.g. credit card payments).

SECTION 6 – SECURITY

To protect your personal information, we take reasonable precautions and follow industry standard best practices to ensure that it is not inappropriately lost, misused, accessed, disclosed, altered or destroyed.

If you provide us with your credit card information, the information is encrypted using secure socket layer technology (SSL) and stored using AES-256 encryption. Although no method of transmission over the internet or electronic storage is 100% secure, we follow all PCI-DSS requirements and implement additional industry standards that are commonly accepted. Information related to the account is protected with a hashing method. This method transforms the information into a generated hash. As a result, confidential information is protected and invisible, even to us. In addition, our databases are exceptionally protected against unauthorised access. For example, access to the database is only possible and permitted via approved IP addresses (e.g. from Royal Queen Seeds headquarters). Other attempts and addresses are rejected at all times.

Furthermore, data is anonymised as much as possible, so it cannot be directly linked to a specific consumer. With this data, however, we may be able to carry out market research and analysis. In addition, the third parties concerned (e.g. mailing service) are examined prior to our collaboration, comply with the GDPR from the EU and receive a processing agreement. Within Royal Queen Seeds, employees are assigned different access permissions. Specific permission provides access only to information that is strictly required to perform a task. Digital security measures are subject to change and must meet high requirements to ensure the safety of online customers. That is why, at Royal Queen Seeds, we appoint a security officer. Regular verification and improvement of security measures (where necessary) are part of the role.

SECTION 7 – CHANGES TO THIS PRIVACY POLICY

We reserve the right to modify this Privacy Policy at any time, so please check back regularly. Changes and clarifications will be effective immediately upon being published on the Website. If we make substantial changes to this policy, we will notify you here that it has been updated so you will know what information we collect, how we use it and under what circumstances, if any, we use and/or disclose it.

SECTION 8 – YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO: